Data User Agreement
By downloading any dataset, the data user agrees to not use the data for commercial purposes. The data user agrees to not share or otherwise distribute the data in any form other than for replication purposes. Data users also agree to cite the appropriate data release paper for each data set used in an analysis; the appropriate paper is linked to the data on this page and can be found in the data’s codebook. Data users should also report any issues or errors to the data set authors to improve future studies.
The following datasets are available for download. Each data download button initiates the download of a .zip file containing that dataset’s codebook, summary statistics, and dataset in three formats (.csv, .dta, and .rds). Users of the data should consult and agree with the above statement before proceeding.
Militarized Interstate Events (MIEs), 1816-2014
The MIE data includes daily events data that correspond to the Jones, Bremer, and Singer (1997) coding rules, with some additional coding changes as described in the codebook.
Militarized Interstate Confrontations (MICs), 1816-2014
The MIC data includes summary information for all confrontations that match Jones, Bremer, and Singer (1997) coding rules for disputes. We describe any changes to the coding rules in the codebook.
Militarized Interstate Participants (MIPs), 1816-2014
These are summaries of the participant-level data for all confrontations that match Jones, Bremer, and Singer (1997) coding rules for disputes. We describe any changes to the coding rules in the codebook.
Militarized Interstate Confrontation Endings (MICend), 1816-2014
Jones, Bremer, and Singer (1997) included specific coding rules for how disputes end. This dataset describes those endings and codes various variables associated with the confrontation ending, including ending method, territorial changes, prisoner of war swaps, etc. Used in conjunction with the MIC data, MICend describes the entire temporal span of the confrontation.
Truly Dyadic Dyad-Year (TDD), 1816-2014
These data present a directed-dyad summary of the MIE data for those estimating analyses that are solely dyad-year.
Militarized Interstate Confrontation Names (MICnames), 1816-2014
These data provided common names associated with each MIC case, including all Correlates of War war names.
Protest-Dependent Militarized Interstate Disputes (PDMIDs), 1816-2014
As described by Gibler and Little (2017), these data describe all dispute cases that entered the CoWMID data through protest. We do not consider these to be confrontations because no militarized actions took place, but these cases do meet the definition of MID as described by CoW. We provide categorical information for these cases, including what type of private citizen was targeted and the international context for the dispute.
Formal War Declarations (WarDecs), 1816-2014
These data include all known formal declarations of war by one state against another in the international system. Categorized by Jones, Bremer, and Singer (1997) as one of the highest uses of force, we found that, in reality, these declarations most often have no militarized force associated with the declarations. We include variables for the MID number, the MIC number (if appropriate), and whether the declaration was the only action in the dyad.